{"id":2090,"date":"2015-04-28T02:42:08","date_gmt":"2015-04-28T02:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/primolevicenter.org\/printed-matter\/?p=2090"},"modified":"2015-04-28T03:16:39","modified_gmt":"2015-04-28T03:16:39","slug":"rav-elio-toaff-zl-1915-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/primolevicenter.org\/printed-matter\/rav-elio-toaff-zl-1915-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"Rav Elio Toaff z’l (1915-2015)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Born on April 30, 1915, in the Tuscan port city of Livorno, Elio Toaff was the son of the chief rabbi of Livorno, Alfredo Sabato Toaff, who discouraged his son from following him into the rabbinate. He rebelled against that advice, however, studying law and theology and succeeding as a scholar.<\/p>\n

By the age of 26 he was leader of the Jewish community in Ancona, a port city on the Adriatic. A fighter in the Italian resistance during World War II, he helped hide Jews after the Germans occupied northern and central Italy in 1943 and began mass deportations to concentration camps.<\/p>\n

Rabbi Toaff was at one point captured by the Nazis and sentenced to die by firing squad \u2014 he was reportedly forced to dig his own grave \u2014 but he managed to escape. After the war he served as chief rabbi of Venice, and he was chosen as spiritual leader of the Jews of Rome in 1951, at a time when the community, perhaps the oldest in Europe, was severely diminished in numbers and vitality.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Italian Jewry was devastated and severely traumatized in the wake of the war,\u201d David I. Kertzer, a professor of Italian studies at Brown whose book \u201cThe Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe\u201d was awarded a Pulitzer Prize on Monday, said in an interview. \u201cNot just by the Holocaust. Preceding that, the Italian Fascist regime enacted racial laws, aimed principally at Jews, and unlike the Jews of Germany, the Italian Jews thought of themselves as quintessentially Italian. They had been there for 2,000 years. All this came as a shock, so it was a double blow.<\/p>\n

\u201cRabbi Toaff lived through all this,\u201d Professor Kertzer added. \u201cSo even before becoming chief of Rome in \u201951, he was a heroic figure, associated with resistance, and with rebuilding.\u201d from The New York Times, April 2015<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Born on April 30, 1915, in the Tuscan port city of Livorno, Elio Toaff was the son of the chief rabbi of Livorno, Alfredo Sabato Toaff, who discouraged his son…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2092,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-video","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-videos","post_format-post-format-video"],"yoast_head":"\nRav Elio Toaff z'l (1915-2015) - Printed_Matter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/primolevicenter.org\/printed-matter\/rav-elio-toaff-zl-1915-2015\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rav Elio Toaff z'l (1915-2015) - 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